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DNA Testing Experts for paternity DNA Testing

Author: Castro | Posted: 17.09.2008 | Views: 59

Today, DNA testing has evolved into a widely used, affordable and efficient tool for verification of identity and family relationships.  A DNA test may be performed for both private and legal purposes, and virtually any type of human biological material may be used for testing, often in trace amounts.  The most common type of sample used is a buccal swab, which allows for non-invasive and painless sample collection.  A buccal swab sample is collected by inserting a buccal swab tip into the inner cheek and scraping oral epithelial (surface) cells by using a rolling motion with the swab.  This technique will transfer DNA-containing cells to the swab tip.  Once at the lab, DNA is extracted from the swab tip through a series of washes and then amplified by a process called PCR (polymerase chain reaction).

PCR will create many copies of the DNA sequence(s) for the purpose of maximizing visibility in a genetic analyzer.  A genetic analyzer is a machine which detects and reads alleles, or forms of genes and produces DNA profiles from the PCR product.  The analyzer will create a graph-like interpretation of the DNA profile(s), which an analyst will use to further interpret and report.  When a comparison study is performed, as in a paternity test, for example, the analyst will compare the DNA profiles obtained from the tested parties, i.e. alleged father and child, to determine the number of common alleles shared and calculate a probability of relationship, i.e. paternity.  Today's DNA tests are highly sensitive with positive identification reported at 99.9999+% accuracy.  To add to the efficacy, test turnaround can be within as few as 24 hours, as well.


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